Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

Which disorder is characterized by strong cravings and the risk of withdrawal symptoms?

1. Somatic symptom disorder

2. Substance-related disorder

3. Factitious disorder

4. Illness anxiety disorder

The correct answer is: Substance-related disorder

The disorder that is characterized by strong cravings and the risk of withdrawal symptoms is indeed a substance-related disorder. This category encompasses various conditions associated with the misuse or dependence on psychoactive substances, such as alcohol, drugs, and other addictive substances. Individuals experiencing a substance-related disorder often have intense cravings for the substance, which can lead to compulsive consumption despite negative consequences. Furthermore, when the substance use is reduced or stopped, withdrawal symptoms may arise, which can include physical and psychological reactions that vary in intensity based on the substance involved. These symptoms can be severely uncomfortable and can include anxiety, irritability, bodily pain, and other significant challenges, leading individuals back to substance use as a form of relief. The other disorders mentioned—somatic symptom disorder, factitious disorder, and illness anxiety disorder—do not inherently involve cravings or withdrawal symptoms related to substance use. Instead, they focus more on the psychological relationship to illness and bodily sensations. This highlights the unique nature of substance-related disorders and the specific challenges they pose in terms of treatment and recovery.